Wetware Costs Software and Hardware

Question: 1. Distinguish the significance of wetware costs. 2. Recognize an association executing an Accounting Information System. 3. Make some determination Answer: The contextual analysis given to us relates with the expenses of the wetware. The importance of wetware of the human component that is available in the engineering of the data innovation. The wetware costs are the costs that are connected with the mind of the clients. This report targets addressing the inquiries like the significance of the wetware costs, bookkeeping data framework and the upsides of utilizing the equivalent. Which means of the Wetware costs: The importance of wetware of the human component that is available in the engineering of the data innovation. It could be appeared differently in relation to the product and equipment, the other 2 segments that could influence the achievement and the disappointment of the IT framework. It is utilized for human capital or the staff and includes the software engineer, designers, framework managers, cloud or the modelers of the cloud or the workers that straightforwardly influence the elements of the data innovation framework. (Searchdatacenter.techtarget.com, 2015) The wetware costs are the costs that are connected with the mind of the clients. Bookkeeping data framework: The bookkeeping data frameworks joins the experts for the information on the business and the procedures with the PC aptitudes that make and review the information and the bookkeeping frameworks. These people additionally have an entrance to various PC related vocations, for example, the frameworks expert, specialist, and bookkeeper. (Instruction Portal, 2015) The principle point of the bookkeeping data framework gathers, records, stores and procedures the information in order to create the leaders. The bookkeeping data framework is connected with a lot of the interrelated items that communicates with one another so as to accomplish the objectives. Practically the entirety of the bookkeeping data frameworks comprise of the littler subsystems and every single association a few or different objectives. The bookkeeping data framework could utilize cutting edge innovation, b exceptionally basic as a pen and a paper or anything that is something in the middle. The innovation is an extremely basic cost that could make, keep up or improve the framework. The principle thought behind the idea of the assortment, putting away of the information, assets and the operators is to change the information into the administration that could be utilized to settle on the choice about the occasions, assets and the specialists. The bookkeeping data framework could be additionally utilized to guarantee that the assets of the element are accessible as and when required and precise and solid. Coming up next are the qualities of the bookkeeping data framework: Importance Dependability Culmination Practicality Get capacity Unquestionable status Openness (Bookkeeping data framework, 2015) 1. Bookkeeping data framework utilized by Microsoft:- These days, a large number of the organizations are giving a portion of the particular bundle for the way toward bookkeeping known as the Enterprise Resource Planning. The bookkeeping data framework is a piece of the ERP. Microsoft is utilizing the ERP bundle of SAP. (Microsoft, 2015) Coming up next are the a portion of the upsides of SAP: Favorable circumstances of utilizing SAP:- Coming up next are a portion of the upsides of utilizing the ERP bundle of SAP: It is adaptable It is modified to suit the prerequisites and the necessities of the business It is incorporated with the different business modules It offers a profound knowledge into the particular modules that are explicit to an industry It offers nonstop help There is a fall in the preparing expenses of the business orders There is a marked down planning for the computation of the selling cost There is an expanded income The above expressed investment funds in the costs brings about the entrance to the ongoing exchange data by all the approved clients There is a diminished solicitation to cite the time There is a diminished request to the hour of the conveyance There is a decrease in the conveyance to receipt time There is a decrease in the measure of the working capital required There is an expansion in the capability of the speculation There is a quicker request of the money in time An exact and the opportune data is made accessible that prompts the decrease in the compromise of the way toward charging and this prompts the faster installment and a decrease in the records receivables and furthermore, proceeds to lessen the questions that emerge per request There is an expanded measure of the incomes because of the lesser number of the stock blackouts There is a decrease in the misfortunes that happens because of the item being unavailable. Less stock deficiencies Increment the consumer loyalty Decrease in the dread expenses Decrease in the conveyance costs Increment in the consumer loyalty into the accessibility of the higher items. It is exceptionally productive Its help to the foundation is unmatched in the product business. There are various modules with a tremendous measure of the functionalities that are nor given by the other use of the ERP. There are a portion of the particular functionalities that have the center capabilities of SAP that are not accessible with different utilizations of the ERP The piece of the overall industry of ERP gives a conviction to the business. (Dolphin, 2015) (ERP, 2015) (BOS, 2015) (SAP, 2015) End The costs that are connected with the wetware are ascending as the day. The significant advance that could be taken so as to determine the issue of the expense of wetware is the type of the versatile framework. Reference Bookkeeping Information Systems, (2015). Bookkeeping Information Systems | AIS Guidance and Information. [Online] Available at: https://www.accountinginformationsystems.org/[Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Bos.com.np, (2015). Advantages of Using SAP for Your Business. [Online] Available at: https://www.bos.com.np/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=95:benefits-of-utilizing sap-for-your-businesscatid=34:articlesItemid=5 [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Dolphin. (2015). Top 10 Reasons Why Using SAP Business Workflow. [Online] Available at: https://www.dolphin-corp.com/top-10-reasons-why-utilizing sap-business-work process/[Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Training Portal, (2015). Bookkeeping Information Systems Career and Salary Information. [Online] Available at: https://instruction portal.com/articles/Accounting_Information_Systems_Career_and_Salary_Information.html [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Erpgreat.com, (2015). Favorable circumstances of SAP ERP. [Online] Available at: https://www.erpgreat.com/general/favorable circumstances of-sap-erp.htm [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Sap.com, (2015). Lessening Cost While Simplifying Administration: Monetizing the Benefits of SAP ASE. [Online] Available at: https://www.sap.com/canister/sapcom/no_no/downloadasset.2014-06-jun-25-18.reducing-cost-while-rearranging organization adapting the-benefits-of-sap-ase-pdf.html [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. Searchdatacenter.techtarget.com, (2015). What is wetware? - Definition from WhatIs.com. [Online] Available at: https://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/Wetware [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015]. www.microsoft.com, (2015). Microsoft Dynamics ERP. [Online] Available at: https://www.microsoft.com/en-in/elements/erp.aspx [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015].

Should You Write an Essay on the Cost of College?

Should You Write an Essay on the Cost of College?Are you in a bind where you need to figure out how to answer the question, 'Is the cost of college too high?' Writing an essay on this topic can be a little bit challenging. You'll have to come up with good, sound arguments as to why the cost of going to school is getting out of control.While there are a lot of factors that can get a student in a bind, financial debts or loans will certainly not help. The problem with getting a student loan is that it's usually a one-time expenditure. The student can usually get a loan again until they've paid off the previous loan. However, when it comes to tuition and room and board, these are often recurring expenses.For instance, when students take out a credit card debt, it doesn't automatically go away until they pay it off. In fact, it can get worse. After the first month, a student will be subject to the interest rate. When the student gets a call from the bank saying that the student owes mone y, the student will likely get even more concerned.The interest rate can get even higher after the first month of the loan payment. During the second and third months, the interest rate is likely to get even higher. By the fourth month, the student has a very hard time paying back the amount they owe. In some cases, a student might consider dropping out of school in order to pay their way through school.However, because this type of financial obligations are imposed by the school, it will be impossible for the student to just walk away from their college responsibilities. Not only will they have to stay enrolled in school, but they will also have to pay for food, clothes, and other living expenses as well.On the flip side, one way that colleges try to alleviate some of the cost of going to school is to offer scholarship opportunities. These types of scholarships can be really valuable to a student. The best part about scholarship programs is that they're not difficult to qualify for . It's important that a student considers their qualifications when applying for these types of scholarships.In addition, the student will have to make sure that they research their options thoroughly. Also, the student should be looking into all kinds of scholarships because there are many opportunities to receive some sort of funding. It's important to do some research on your own in order to determine which scholarships are the best for your needs.Finally, if you're having trouble writing an essay on the cost of college, don't give up. There are plenty of resources available on the Internet that can help you write a good essay on this topic.

Life In The Universe Essays - Evolutionary Biology,

Life In The Universe In the choice I have picked Chapter 6 of Life in the Universe; The Evolution of Life on Earth starts with the speculations of Darwin and characteristic determination and how natural selection was one of the primary hypotheses of development of life of a living being. Despite the fact that it is a decent hypothesis, and has been tried through years it isn't one of the primary needs of development. There was an explanation of an outside power that constrained the funas to elimination, not on the grounds that it couldn't adjust to a situation. Additionally the past of cause goes excessively far back and is confounded to such an extent that there is no certain method to point a specific time or spot throughout the entire existence of our starting point, in contrast to crafted ordinarily. For instance Homo sapiens come to be through neural multifaceted nature. Human emerged from a large number of occasions occurring in time that changed our past in a sensational manner. So as to comprehen d the extreme changes we need to comprehend the principals of advancement as well as to comprehend the hypothesis and ways of life of fossils found. Complex animals dont imply that it has a superior possibility of endurance and developing into something better. However the easiest type of creation like microbes despite everything rule all with the colossal sum involving the earth. Still the more unpredictable we are doesnt mean we have a superior possibility of endurance. Increasingly intricate creatures like dinosaurs have just been terminated, so reveals to us a lot about advancing or making due later on. Microorganisms possess a more extensive scope of room on earth and are an indestructible kind of life form. People and other sort of complex life forms need to stress over their termination while microscopic organisms then again have a low possibility of getting cleared out. Indeed, even as they are basic living beings they likewise have a similar possibility as we do to develop without the intense battle. Contrasting the two it shows that multifaceted nature was bad or supported issue in advancement. Unpredictability is most likely an inclination made by us for the explanation of our being and our advancement. Advancing in such a manner, it would express that creatures develop by more prominent multifaceted nature, or biological adjustment with the speculations of Darwin. Still there is no verification to us this was valid. Likewise if multifaceted nature was such an extraordinary thing for what reason did it take such a long time for development of these sort of species (counting us). With the advancement of species some must get eradicated to clear a path for new creatures to rise, for example ecological changes. Dinosaurs for a model was thought to run over the earth before warm blooded animals however reality stands apart that well evolved creatures and dinosaurs coincided together for around 100 million years, simply that vertebrates were little animals. History books will in general be inclination about the way that we develop to this state. Indeed, even in books they state people as the remainder of the transformative chain when different creatures are developing ahead or with us. They dont talk about the past of the chain and just small amounts and pieces however the predisposition purpose of what has just developed at that point. Numerous species with multicellular structure advance to incredible numbers however those tests ceased to exist the couple of outstanding branches spread out to increasingly various sorts yet they all have fundamental life systems . Mass annihilation is another explanation of development is through abrupt changes impacts that happen rapidly that wipes out a ton of animal types however the best prepared will in general endure and advance all the more contrastingly to suit nature, similar to Darwinian. It is believed that warm blooded creatures endure that castrophobic second in time is because of the little size they were, the place as the dinosaurs in extraordinary size ceased to exist. They have a more prominent possibility of not getting terminated by the little size and ready to cover up in a lot more places and it was simpler for them to fan out to the region of the dinosaurs since they were wiped out. With the speculations of advancement people would prefer not to consider themselves to be an inconsequential part of the tree of development. So the hypotheses of us commanding all and how

A Brutal Event Of The Greek Genocide - Free Essay Example

The Greek Genocide Genocide or ethnic cleansing means to wipe out or try to wipe out a whole race or religion. Genocide has only been a word since 1948. Genocide means, Geno meaning race, tribe, or religion and Cide being the Latin for killing. Everyone should know about the Holocaust caused by Adolf Hitler. But the terror group named CUP (Committee of Union and Progress) is the group that took over the government when the Ottoman empire was defeated. It was run by an ultra-national group of Young Turks. The Young Turks goal was to make the whole Asia minor Turkish. They were going to do this by eliminating all Christian minorities like Armenians, Assyrians, and Pontian Greeks. The Greeks were often known as disloyal by the Turks just like how Hitler said Jews were the problem with everything. (N/A, 2018) The Greek genocide was one of the worst 10 genocides in recorded history. Back in the 11th century, the Turks entered Asia minor. The Armenians and the Greeks were basically equal to the Turks. They wore the same clothes, ate the same food, and lived in the same houses. The only difference was the Turks had an army. Centuries after they had entered Asia minor (1913), they decided they wanted to eliminate or deport all people who followed the Christian Ottoman Greek. They started this by forcibly removed or deported to the interior of Asia. Other measures of used to persecute the Greeks in this region were: boycotting Greek businesses, killings, death marches to the interior, heavy taxations, seizure of property, and prevention of working on their land. (N/A, 2018) The next summer there was ethnic cleansing on the western shore of Asia Minor. The Great WW1 had started and they were taking the Ottoman Greek men between the age of 21 and 45 and sending them to Labor camps. Lots of men died under the conditions that they had to work under. They got very little food and water and were being forced to work around the clock every day. Some of them escaped and hid in the mountains with other Greeks who lived there. The Turks burned eighty-eight greek refuge villages and made the people march in the winter to the camps. In 1915, they got advice from the German government to just deport communities from the Dardanelles and Gallipoli region to the interior of Turkey. They were not allowed to bring anything with them. When they were being deported the armed guard who were supposed to be protecting them raped the girls and stole lots of valuables that they had. Hundreds of thousands of Greek men, women, and children died because of this. The shops and the goods in the shops were sold by the Ottoman authorities. They were deported to the interior and Muslim villages. They had to choose to change their religion to Islam or get killed. Most times, before deportation happened, Ottoman gendarmes(police) and Cetes(armed irregulars) seized money and valuables from the communities, committed massacres, and burnt down schools and churches. (N/A, 2018) By the end of 1917 over 700,000 Greeks had been fallen victim to the well-made plan of annihilation. By 1918 774,235 people had been deported from their homes. Lots of them were deported to the interior of turkey and were never to be seen again. After the Ottomans defeat in WW1, the CUP’s (Committee of Union and Progress) were given death sentences because of their role in organizing the massacring of the Greeks. (N/A, 2018) Being one of the most brutal events ever, the Greek Genocide caused hundreds of thousands of deaths. The young Turks in the CUP came to power and killed many greeks in an attempt to create one whole Turkish Asia. Killing anyone who didnt agree or who got in their way. This was how the word genocide was formed. What word will be next?(N/A, 2018) References: RCen, G. G. (2018, June 6). An Overview of the Greek Genocide. Retrieved December 20, 2018, from https://www.greek-genocide.net/index.php/overview A Brief History of the Ottoman Greek Genocide (1914-1923). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://saintandrewgoc.org/home/2016/5/25/a-brief-history-of-the-ottoman-greek-genocide-1914-1923

Singapore Airlines An Organizations Vision, Culture,...

This thread will examine and discuss Singapore Airlines’ (SIA) will be four-fold. The first section will discuss SIA’s eight ingredients of success - in light the organization’s vision, culture, and value of customer service, which have made SIA into an organization of global renowned and continuous change. After the eight elements have been dissected and investigated, the excesses aggression to vulnerabilities will be addressed. The second section will also provide examples and rationales of the difficulties SIA faces in maintaining both its leadership and culture continual improves. The forth section will discuss practices and principles which will enable other world class organizations to implement improvement and continuous change processes. SIA Ingredients of Success In today’s competitive environment Singapore Airlines (SIA) has consistently displayed excellence within the ever-changing field of service aviation. SIA’s success can be attributed to their eight principles or ingredients, which have served as evolutionary catalysts of continuous change within the organization (Jick, Peiperl, 2011). The eight elements address differing sections and aspects of organizational life, but all of the elements have one common theme - they promote the creation and cultivation of innovation by constantly seeking a new level and higher standard of organizational and individual performance (2011). The first major ingredient of success is the organization’s â€Å"policy for steadyShow MoreRelatedAsian Cultures And American Cultures Essay2452 Words   |  10 PagesCulture: Earth is bigger than what most people think; it consists of 7 continents, 7 seas, and 196 different countries. Taking that into consideration, our earth currently is supporting over 7 billion people worldwide. That is 7 billion people who are different and individuals who share different thoughts, ideas, backgrounds, and cultures. 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My Relationship With Family Reunions Essay - 1714 Words

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Performance Analysis and Simulations Performances Decision Making

Question: Describe about the Performance Analysis and Simulations for Performances Decision Making. Answer: Overview of Report This report examines Erie, a sensor manufacturing companys performance and decision-making. It includes the core objective of the company to become a market leader by applying cost effective production system and providing good quality products to its customers. This report also includes how well the company deals with its customers, competitors and market trends. The company deals with its customer on the buying criteria of different products. This shows that company deals with its customers in an effective way as it has divided product segments as per customer needs. Thus, the company offers seven products, namely, Eat, Ebb, Echo, Edge, Egg, Eqi, and Expres under five categories, viz. traditional, low-end, high-end, performance and size, respectively. On the other hand, Company also deals with its competitors in a successful way because the market share of Erie is highest among its competitors in all rounds. Erie is effective in dealing with market trends that helps to grab more op portunities for growth in the future. Moreover, this report includes identifying the degree of success that company had in achieving its stated goals. The degree of success depends on various factors including share holders value, sales, profit, and market share. These factors are effective indicators of better performance and prospects of the company. All the factors reflect the success of company in achieving its goals throughout all the rounds. Furthermore, this report includes analysis about business-decisions that have been taken as manager for achieving the goals of company. If decisions are taken in an effective manner, then it leads to increase in productivity and profitability for the organization. Therefore, this report effectively highlights the performance of different departments which helps to identify that which decisions were good and which were poor. Effective customer awareness and customer accessibility of Erie as compared to its competitors shows that the marketing decisions of company were successful. This leads to increase in sales and profitability of the company. Moreover, the financing decisions of company were identified as poor because of ineffective utilization of shareholders money and assets of the company. But in respect of providing dividend to its shareholders, financial decisions play an effective role. This report also includes effectiveness of company in taking production related decisions which are helpful in increasing profitability of the company which is reflected from reduction in direct costs throughout all the rounds. Apart from marketing, finance and production department, this report also highlights the importance of TQM and RD. Both of these factors are important for increasing profitability and maintaining sustainability of the business by increasing quality and efficiency in availability of the products to its customers. In addition to this, Eries investment in RD and TQM helps to create log-term benefits for the company which is reflected in all the rounds. Analysis of Companys Performance Company Goal Erie is a sensor manufacturing company that manufactures sensor devices for cameras, biometric devices and labs-on-a-chip. The goal of this company is to become a market leader. It wants to maximize the profit using cost effective production system and provide highest quality product to the customers. The company wants to create a strategy to analyze the market and to coordinate activities. Strategy The company uses differentiation strategy, wherein it manufactures 7 different products to meet the requirements of different category of customers. Under this strategy, company differentiates its brand from others. It seeks to make the product more attractive by its unique qualities as compare to other products of the competitors (Ferrell Hartline 2010). This strategy can provide some entry barriers to competitors as a result of the loyalty of customers. Successful product differentiation can provide a competitive advantage to the seller. Company performance Customers: Throughout all rounds, overall performance of the company is good. Firstly, company analyzed the customers of the company based on different criteria like price, needs, performance, size, and many more. Company dealt with the customers according to the buying criteria of customer for different product. Eries products have been divided according to the different segments such as traditional, low end, high end, performance and size. For example- each segment customers has different price expectation like low end segment customers try to find reasonably priced product. However, high end segment customers, who need best product, are willing to pay high price for product. Moreover, each segment has different age expectations, which is length of time. Traditional segment customers prefer technology that has been in the market for few years while high end customers want brand new technology. MTBF (mean time before failure) of a product predicts number of hours that a product is expected to operated before it fails (Smith 2011). Performance segments customer are interested in better MTBF while low end customers are satisfied with low MTBF. In addition to this, combination of size and performance segment is called positioning. From the above discussion, it has been analyzed that company deals with the customers in an effective way, because company divided its products according to the need of customers. Competitors: Throughout the rounds, Eries competitors have been described according to the market share of the company. There were 6 companies in sensor market including Erie. Throughout the all rounds market share of the company was more as compared to its competitors. Company was always a market leader over the rounds. Hence, the company fulfilled its objective. Moreover, it can be said that company deal with its competitors in a successful way. Market trend: To take decision that how well or not Erie dealt with the market trend, it can be decided through the analysis of dividend paid by company to the share holders. In the round 1 company paid divided of $1.00 that is lower than its competitors. But over the round 2 to round 8, dividend paid by Erie was $3.00 to $20.00 which more than its competitors (Appendices 4). Market trend analysis helped the company for the identification of opportunities. Degree of success: Firstly, Erie had to determine its goals and objectives to determine its degree of success. Company wanted to become the market leader and maximized its profits. On the other hand, company was provided highest quality product to the customers with the effective production system. For achieving these goals different factors such as share holders value, sales, profit, and market share has been considered, which determined the degree of success of the company. Sales: To determine the degree of success, sales of the company plays crucial role for achieving its goals. Companys sales were directly affected by the demand of the product. Demand of the product depended upon the awareness and accessibility of the customer for different segment products. Over the rounds, accessibility and awareness for Eries product by the customer is effective. That means product was easily available to customer nearby their area so the sales between the round 1($165,269,201) to round 8 ($353,245,256) was increasing (Appendices 2). Figure: 1 Profit: Profit plays an important role to determine the success of the company. Throughout the rounds, company achieved maximum profit. Over the 6 rounds, profit of the company was continuously increasing but after the round 6, profit of the company was marginally reduced from $41,577,712 to $34,054,022, the reason behind this was direct cost (Appendices 3). Direct cost and profit directly related with each other. The cost of the company was increased in the round 7 and 8 so profit of the company has decreased. Although, profit of the company was reduced, the company was able to maintain its position as market leader. It can be said that company had successfully achieved its goal of profit maximization. Figure: 2 Market share: Market share of the company increased continuously that was helpful in achieving the goals of the company. Market share of the company has been determined according to sales and competitors. Generally, market share is calculated by measuring sales of the company. Over the round 1 to round 7, sales of the company were increasing so that market share was continuously increased from 23.37% to 25.06% (Appendices 1). Erie has good market share as compared to its competitors that means company became a market leader and it fulfilled its objective. Figure: 3 Shareholders value: Shareholders value is helpful in determining the success of the company. In this company there were different factors such as dividend, yield, and earnings per share that determine shareholders value. Dividend is known as total return of the investor on their investment. Dividend plays very important role in the creation of wealth. Over the round 1 to round 8, dividend paid by Erie was continuously increasing from $1.00 to $20.00 so that shareholder invested more in the company and it helped to maintain the market share (Appendices 4). In addition to this, earnings per share for Eries shareholder were increasing throughout the rounds from ($0.10) to $4.04 (Appendices 4). Earnings per share are a useful measure of the profitability, when it is compared with its competitors. It shows the management performance that how much money company was making for its shareholders. Over the rounds, EPS of this company has been increasing, which means market price of share has increased. This was helpful to analyse the earning capacity of company. On the other hand, higher EPS is the indicator of better performance and prospects of the company. This has helped in achieving the goals of the company. Furthermore, yield is another term to analysis the performance of company. High yield attracts the relative yield generating instrument so the investing habit of the shareholders will be increased. Over the round 1 to round 8, yield of the companys shareholder increased from 10.2% to 26.3%. It indicates the effective performance of the company. Yield was depended upon the profit of the company, if yield was increased that means company fulfilled his goals of profit maximization. Figure: 4 Important Factors of Company Performance TQM and RD were the major factors that have contributed in the performance of the company. TQM strategy focuses on the customer satisfaction, which has a positive impact on the performance of company (Roberts 2010). It refers to the quality improvement approach for improving the performance of overall company in terms of quality, productivity and customer satisfaction. TQM was implemented from the 1st round and its benefits were reaped by the company until round 8. In addition to this, material costs were reduced up to 11.40% over the 8 round. Demand of the product was increased from 3.01% to 14.09% between round 2 to round 8. Furthermore, there were some other factors in the company, which was reduced due to the implementation of TQM such as labor cost, RD cycle time and admin cost. RD refers to a tool for growing and improving the business. It involves the research of the customers and market need and new and improved technology products and services that fit the needs of these. In addition to this, if a company has the research and development strategy then it has a greater chance of success rather than its competitors (Shiu et al 2013). Erie was investing more in research and development strategy so the quality of product was increased throughout the all rounds. This research was helpful to find the needs of customers. The RD department of the company re-invented existing products for better performance and reducing their costs. With the help of RD strategy, the MTBF (mean time before failure) of the companys products has increased and it is also affected by the cost of material and automation level of the company. Evaluation of Decision-Making During the rounds, the manager was required to take various decisions that can effectively lead to growth and profitability of that company. In addition to this, taking appropriate decisions can lead to enhancement of quality and productivity in the organization. Therefore, decisions related to marketing, finance, production, human resource, total quality management, and research and development were taken. From the analysis of all rounds, it was identified that the marketing decisions that were taken for the company were appropriate as they effectively contributed for the success and growth of the company. It was analyzed that company was effective in creating customer awareness over the years and it was increasing from round 1 (2017) to round 8 (2024). On the other hand, customer accessibility was also increasing over the years (rounds) which help to maintain greater customer satisfaction and loyalty. This shows that, the marketing strategies, which were applied, proved successful for the company. Moreover, it was also identified that, the manager has made effective prediction of customer demand that is reflected from the customer survey data, which was far better than that of companys competitors. Apart from this, it was also identified that financial decisions of Erie were poor in context of ROE. ROE indicates that how a company generates more profits without utilizing outsiders funds. It also leads to value creation for the company (Pratt 2010). In the first round, the companys ROE was -0.4%. However, initially the company was functioning better as it was generating good ROE from round 2 (11.8%) to round 5 (20.6%), but, from round 6 (17.3%) to round 8 (9.5%), the ROE of the company started to fall. This indicates that the company was unable to utilize its shareholders funds in an efficient way in some years, which led to decline in ROE. In addition to this, it was analyzed that the investment decision of company was weak because assets were not efficiently utilized to generate sales. This was reflected from the decreasing asset turnover of Erie from round 2 to round 8. Asset turnover reflects the decision-making efficiency of companys management in utilizing its assets to ge nerate sales. The various decisions that were taken play a crucial role in long-term success of the company. The marketing decisions which were taken proved effective in creating greater customer awareness, accessibility and loyalty, which is necessary for any business organisation. On the other hand, financial decisions were not too appropriate due to ineffective use of shareholders capital. Moreover, great efforts have been made to improve production related decisions of company, which lead to creation of profitable position for the company. Afterwards, it was identified that production related decisions of company has improved over the years, which was reflected from the companys increased profits and highest market share among its competitors. The profit were affected due fluctuating direct cost over the years, which was a result of ineffective production related decision-making during initial rounds. However, after few rounds, this aspect of decision-making improved, thereby allowing reduction in cost that successfully increased the revenue of the company. This also shows that, company has made optimum utilization of resources effectively. In addition to this, effective financing decisions led to improved profitability of company as compared to its competitors. This in turn allowed company to make effective payment of dividend to shareholders and investors. Company has paid dividend on regular basis but the dividend that was paid in round 1 (2017) was comparatively less due to unavailability of sufficient profit but a fterward the dividend payment rate was increased over all the rounds. Learning The most important learning from this activity was that effective management of activities is required in all departments to become an effective market leader. In addition to this, coordination between all departments is necessary for increasing productivity and profitability of the organization. It helped in understanding that all departments of organisation are equally important for achievement of organisational goals. Thus, effective management of production processes is necessary for effective utilization of resources that leads to decreased cost and increased profitability of the company. This further helps in increasing the efficiency of financial and human resource decisions of the company. Moreover, effective marketing department helps to create better customer awareness and customer accessibility, which ultimately leads to increased sales of company. Individual learning after completion of this activity relates to creation and effective implementation of business strategy that leads to growth and profitability of the company. A sound strategic planning enables to hold a degree of control and supervision on the activities, which are necessary to become successful. It helped in application of theories and knowledge to effectively coordinate companys activities, analyze market conditions and competitive products of company and those offered by competitors. It promoted an understanding of the fact that good strategic planning aid in taking right decisions and achieving desired goals. Moreover, in order to perform at higher levels, strategic planning process allows putting business challenges into perspectives along with minimizing risks. Other important factors in decision-making Apart from marketing, finance, production and HR department the RD and TQM department were important factors that influenced decision-making. RD plays an important role for the success of a business and it also effectively contributes to the sustainability of business. Erie has made investments in RD that promotes creativity and innovation in the organization (Dachs et al 2014). Additionally, it also leads to creation of competitive edge of Erie over its competitors. Effective RD decisions were helpful for Erie to develop products to meet technological needs of its customers. As a result, Erie was able to introduce two new products, namely Eqi in high segment in round 4 and Expres in performance segment in round 5. Moreover, TQM is important management tool that is used to enhance quality and productivity that effectively leads to creation of profitability and competitiveness of organizations (Spenley 2012). Therefore, investment made in TQM proved fruitful for the company. This created various benefits for the company like increased demand as compared to its competitors, along with reduction in material cost, labour cost and administration cost. Additionally, TQM led to creation of long-term benefits for an organization. This was reflected through the companys data that even if company had stopped investing in TQM from round 5, the benefits that Erie has attained were much higher than its competitors. References Dachs, B Strehrer, R Zahradnik, G 2014 The Internationalisation of Business RD. UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. Ferrell, O, Hartline, M 2010, Marketing Strategy, Cengage Learning, US. Pratt, J. 2010 Financial Accounting in an Economic Context. 8thedn. US: John Wiley Sons. Roberts, H 2010, Quality Is Personal: A Foundation For Total Quality Management, Simon and Schuster, US. Shiu, M, Jiang, C, Tu, H 2013, Quality Strategy for Research and Development, John Wiley Sons, US. Smith, J 2011, Reliability, Maintainability and Risk: Practical Methods for Engineers including Reliability Centred Maintenance and Safety-Related Systems, Elsevier, Netherlands. Spenley, P. 2012 World Class Performance Through Total Quality: A practical guide to implementation. Germany: Springer Science Business Media.